General Face Databases From Other Research Groups

 

We list some face databases widely used for face related studies, and summarize the specifications of these databases as below.

 

 

1. The Facial Recognition Technology (FERET) Database

o       Source: the FERET database is sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Products Agency (DARPA).

o       Purpose: the FERET database is widely used as the standard face database to evaluate the face recognition systems. It may also be used for face pose estimation and eye detection.

o       Properties:

Properties

Descriptions

# of subjects

1199

# of images/videos

14051

Static/Videos

Static

Single/Multiple faces

Single

Gray/Color

eight-bit gray

Resolution

256*384

Face pose

7 categories:

Frontal, quarter-left, quarter-right, half-left, half-right, full-left, full-right

Facial expression

Slight facial expression changes

Illumination

Controlled illumination

3D data

N/A

Ground truth

Positions of eyes, nose, and mouth

Identifications of subjects

o       Reference: refer to the paper: P. J. Phillips, Hyeonjoon Moon, S. A. Rizvi, and P. J. Rauss, The FERET evaluation methodology for face recognition algorithm, IEEE Trans. on PAMI, vol. 22, no. 10, pp. 1090-1104, October 2000 and the online document http://www.itl.nist.gov/iad/humanid/feret/feret_master.html.

 

  1. CAS-PEAL Face Database

o       Source: CAS-PEAL database is obtained from Chinese Academy of Science.

o       Purpose: CAS-PEAL database is used to evaluate the face recognition systems. It may also be used for eye detection, face pose estimation, and facial expression recognition.

o       Properties:

Properties

Descriptions

# of subjects

1040 (595 males and 445 females) of Asians

# of images/videos

30,900

Static/Videos

Static

Single/Multiple faces

Single

Gray/Color

eight-bit gray

Resolution

360*480

Face pose

21 pose angles

vertical: up, middle, and down

horizontal: left to right (67, 45, 22, 0, -22, -45, -67)

Facial expression

6 facial expressions:

neutral, eye closing, frown, smile, surprise,  and mouth open

Illumination

15 lighting conditions

Accessories

3 kinds of glasses and 3 kinds of caps

3D data

N/A

Ground truth

Positions of eyes

Identifications of subjects

Face pose angles

Facial expression labels

Illumination positions

o       Reference: Please refer to the technical report JDL-TR-04-FR-001 The CAS-PEAL Large-Scale Chinese Face Database and Baseline Evaluations.

 

  1. CMU Pose, Illumination, and Expression (PIE) Database

o       Source: The PIE database is obtained from the Robotics Institute of Carnegie Mellon University.

o       Purpose: PIE database is used to evaluate the face recognition systems. It may also be used for facial feature detection, face pose estimation, and facial expression recognition.

o       Properties:

Properties

Descriptions

# of subjects

68

# of images/videos

41,368

Static/Videos

Static

Single/Multiple faces

Single

Gray/Color

Color

Resolution

640*486

Face pose

13 pose angles in vertical and horizontal

Facial expression

4 facial expressions:

neutral, eye closing, smiling, and talking

Illumination

N/A

Accessories

Glasses

3D data

N/A

Ground truth

Some feature point data

Identifications of subjects

Measured locations of camera

Head pose

Facial expression labels

Illumination positions

Additional materials

Background images

o       Reference: Please refer to the CMU Technical Report CMU-RI-TR-01-02 The CMU Pose, Illumination, and Expression (PIE) Database of Human Faces.

 

  1. CMU Face Database (Frontal and Profile)

o       Source: this database is obtained from the Robotics Institute of Carnegie Mellon University. It combines images collected at CMU and MIT.

o       Purpose: this database is primarily used for face detection task. It may also be used for eye detection and facial feature detection.

o       Properties:

Properties

Descriptions

# of subjects

N/A

# of images/videos

169 frontal-view face images

202 profile face images

Static/Videos

Static

Single/Multiple faces

Multiple

Gray/Color

eight-bit gray

Resolution

N/A

Face pose

Frontal and profile

Facial expression

Various facial expressions

Illumination

Various lighting conditions

Accessories

Various

3D data

N/A

Ground truth

Positions of eyes, nose tip, mouth corners, and mouth center for each face (frontal-view face);

Positions of eye corner, eye, nose, nose tip, mouth corner, mouth center, chin, earlobe, and ear tip for each face (profile face)

 

  1. Yale Face Database

o       Source: this database is constructed by Yale University.

o       Purpose: this database can be used for face recognition and facial expression recognition.

o       Properties:

Properties

Descriptions

# of subjects

15

# of images/videos

165

Static/Videos

Static

Single/Multiple faces

Single

Gray/Color

eight-bit gray

Resolution

320*243

Face pose

Frontal view

Facial expression

6 facial expressions:

neutral, happiness, sadness, sleepiness, surprise, and wink

Illumination

3 lighting conditions: center-light, left-light, and right-light

Accessories

Glasses

3D data

N/A

Ground truth

Identifications of subjects

Facial expression labels

Illumination positions

o       Reference: Please refer to the paper P. N. Belhumeur, J. P. Hespanha, and D. J. Kriegman, Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: Recognition using class specific linear projection, IEEE Trans. on PAMI, vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 711-720, July 1997.

 

  1. Yale Face Database B

o       Source: this database is constructed by Yale University.

o       Purpose: this database can be used for face recognition, face pose estimation, and eye detection.

o       Properties:

Properties

Descriptions

# of subjects

10

# of images/videos

5760

Static/Videos

Static

Single/Multiple faces

Single

Gray/Color

Gray

Resolution

640*480 (eye distance ~ 90pixels)

Face pose

9 poses

Facial expression

Neutral

Illumination

64 lighting conditions and 1 ambient illumination

Accessories

N/A

3D data

N/A

Ground truth

Identifications of subjects

Face pose

Illumination positions

Coordinates of eyes and mouth (frontal view) Coordinates of face center (other views)

o        Reference: Please refer to the paper A. S. Georghiades and P. N. Belhumeur, From Few to Many: Illumination Cone Models for Face Recognition under Variable Lighting and Pose, IEEE Trans. on. PAMI, vol.23, no.6, pp.643-660, June 2001.

 

  1. AR_Face_Database

o       Source: this database is constructed by Aleix Martinez and Robert Benavente in the Computer Vision Center (CVC) at the UAB.

o       Purpose: this database is primarily used for face recognition. It may also be used for facial expression recognition.

o       Properties:

Properties

Descriptions

# of subjects

126 (70 male and 56 female)

# of images/videos

4000

Static/Videos

Static images and image sequences

Single/Multiple faces

Single

Gray/Color

color

Resolution

768*576

Face pose

Nearly frontal-view or quarter-profile images

Facial expression

4 facial expressions:

neutral, smile, anger, and scream

Illumination

3 illumination conditions:

left, right, and all side lights on

Accessories

Sun glasses, scarf

3D data

N/A

Ground truth

Identifications of subjects

Facial expression labels

o       Reference: Please refer to the technical report A. M. Martinez and R. Benavente, The AR Face Database, CVC Technical Report #24, June 1998.