Physical Layer
PPT Slide
The physical layer problem
What is information, mathematically ?
Time Domain vs Frequency Domain
Why Frequency Domain ? Ans: Fourier Analysis
Bits/s vs Baud vs Hertz
Modulation techniques
Application: 9600 bps Modems
Coding Terminology
Coding Formats
Limits of Coding: Nyquist's Theorem
Nyquist's Theorem (Cont)
Digitization & quantization in telephony
Telephony digitization: contd
Nonlinear Encoding
Effect of Noise: Shannon's Theorem
Decibels
Other link issues: Attenuation, Dispersion
Real Media: Twisted Pair
Coaxial Cable
Baseband Coaxial Cable
Broadband Coaxial Cable (Cont)
Dual cable systems have 2 identical cables and a head-end at the root of the cable tree
Optical Fiber
Fiber Optics
Pulse of light indicates a 1-bit and absence 0-bit
Wavelength Bands
Wireless Transmission
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Low-Orbit Satellites
Summary
Email: shivkuma@ecse.rpi.edu
Home Page: http://www.ecse.rpi.edu/Homepages/shivkuma